Community Associations: The Emergence and Acceptance of a Quiet Innovation in Housing (Contributions in Economics and Economic History)

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Throughout history human beings have formed communities spontaneously with residences constructed haphazardly. Today a new type of community is emerging � one planned from the start regarding housing location, style, and governance. These Community Associations (CAs) have increased in number from 500 in 1960 to 205,000 in 1998. This book explores the issues surrounding this housing innovation and provides a history of community associations and their membership organization, the Community Associations Institute (CAI).

The book explores the process of trial and error in the design of CAs and how the CAI was set up to help them work. It opens with a consideration of the economics of land, housing, and community associations; explores the social, intellectual, legal background for CAs; and surveys their development in the United States. After considering the FHA's role, the book focuses on the development of the CAI .

Community Associations: The Emergence and Acceptance of a Quiet Innovation in Housing (Contributions in Economics and Economic History) Review

The research and authorship of this book were funded by a grant from the Land Economics Foundation of LAI. It began as a way to organize the papers of Byron R. Hanke, a member of LAI, whose work as Chief Land Planner for the Federal Housing Administration, and authorship of The Homes Association Handbook, published by ULI, the Urban Land Institute, and Planned Unit Development with a Homeowners Association, Federal Housing Administration Land Planning Bulletin 6, and founding member of the Community Associations Institute, were the hallmark efforts that started the rapid growth of housing development where a homeowners, condominium, or other forms of common interest community associations were used to own and manage common areas and facilities. Community Associations traces the historical roots of common property from medieval feudalism, the New England town, various communal and utopians ideas and examples to earliest contemporary prototypes in England and the United States. It then explores the decades after W.W.II, when rapid suburban growth made the provision of common areas and facilities a desirable and much needed part of large scale communities that outstripped the capabilities of the public sector to provide parks and ballfields, swimming pools, other recreation facilities, and, perhaps most critically, common open space to preserve woodlands, streams, historic structures, that were envision by land planners and developers as a better living environment that could be created if there were a means to commonly and privately own and maintain such features. Unlike most previous literature that advocate the use of community associations, this book seeks to dispassionately explore the rise of community associations, their economic impact on communities, their strengths and weaknesses, and their evolution from a means to ensure maintenance and operation of common ownership elements into a private governance system that both protects the common interests of property owners and restricts their freedom of action beyond those restrictions imposed by local, state, and national government. An invaluable resource for all professionals in the related fields of land economics. Recommended reading from Frank Spink and Jo-Ann Neuhaus of George Washington Chapter of LAI in Washington, DC Help other customers find the most helpful reviews� Was this review helpful to you?�Yes No Report abuse | PermalinkComment�Comment

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Competitiveness, Localised Learning and Regional Development: Specialization and Prosperity in Small Open Economies (Routledge Frontiers of Political Economy)

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Drawing on a rich literature and case study material from selected industries, and elaborating on key concepts such as firms and competencies, industries and industrial systems, and competitiveness and prosperity, this book sets out to answer three broad research questions:
* What is competition about in today's economy?
* Why do geographical areas (local milieus, cities, regions, countries) specialize in particular types of economic activity, and why do patterns of specialization, once in place tend to be so tremendously durable?
* How can high-cost regions in general and small industrialized countries in particular sustain competitiveness and prosperity in an increasingly globally integrated world economy?
This book points the way out of a dilemma created by recent industrial theory and policy: is it possible for countries which are not destined to be leading high-tech powers to take advantage of the current conjuncture of increasingly open-markets.

Competitiveness, Localised Learning and Regional Development: Specialization and Prosperity in Small Open Economies (Routledge Frontiers of Political Economy) Review

Why Silicon Valley is in SF? And why many resional economics in developed country face economic depression? In resent, some famous professor has started to research to answer such a question. For instance, Paul Krugman who is international economist Michael E porter whose work on competitive strategy. There seem to be tow major concern. The first is that performance and development of firm to considerable extent seem to be influenced by conditions that prevail in its environment. Second is that economic entrepreneurial and innovative activities tend to agglomerate a certain places In this book, they focus on a set of issues related to the impact of geographical location on a firm fs ability create and sustain competitiveness in an era of increase economic globalization and thus, increased exposure to international competition. I am very interested in the point of view authors argue competitive advantage is not based on productivity. Their view is based on penrose (1959) and criticized Porter. They say competitive advantage is created only by diequlibrium quasi-rents, which is benefit from localized capability to create knowledge-core competence. So they emphasized on Knowledge creation and protection. And also do the relation form of firms. Authors said that in global, knowledge based economy the specialized labor in local and localized learning which is improve localized capability is the way to sustain competitive advantage in firms, regions, countries. And I think the improtance their argument is increasing developed countries

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The complete guide to inexpensive Ideaing

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This book was created to inspire and guide inventors in their creative journey from idea conception (and capital procurement) to product production. Included are exclusive, valuable patent, business plan, and brochure templates that will facilitate the completion of critical steps along the way. You will also be provided your own web site for no additional charge. This guide will take you step by step through the development process, and will help you avoid the obstacles and pitfalls that hamper (or destroy) most inventors. In the real world, the invention business can be a very expensive and time consuming venture. In these pages, you will be given the knowledge and resources that will enable you to bring your product to market at a substantially lower cost. The key is to not cut corners; but avoid dead ends. Spend money, but don �t waste it. By reading this guide, you can conceive, develop, fund, and produce your product in a sensible, affordable, and enjoyable way. If you� �ve read this far, you �ve probably got an idea in your head. Go for it! www.ideaing.us

The complete guide to inexpensive Ideaing Review

America has always been fertile ground for future inventors. So many things that the world uses on a daily basis were invented here. And, with the state of our current economy and the problems we face in so many areas, the need for new ideas (energy, sustainability, etc) is vastly important. This may be true now more than ever. Also, the path to financial freedom seems less possible today than it was just 10 years ago. But those that have a dream, attached to an invention, can breathe easier. This book was written for you!

The Complete Guide to Inexpensive Ideaing (in which McKitrick has coined the word "Ideaing"), is a great, great resource for those inventors who have an idea but don't know how to get it off the ground.

After a very helpful Quick Start Guide, it takes the reader through seven steps:

1. The Facts
2. The Preliminary... Design and Feasibility Study
3. The Patent Search
4. The Hunch - Do I Proceed?
5. The Fluff - Marketing
6. The Start Up - Launch Time
7. The Venture

Each step includes a lot of good, practical information. At the outset the price tag seems high for this book. I know. But what you get in return will save you hundreds, and even thousands of dollars. You are not going to find such concise, thorough, and "plain speak" advice anywhere else. In fact, the templates provided themselves are worth cost of admission. They seem really helpful because they provide direction for registering a patent, creating a successful business plan, and producing a winning brochure. Oh, and you you even get your own website at no additional cost as well!

Buy this book, pursue your dream, and make your idea a reality.

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Complete Scattering Experiments (Physics of Atoms and Molecules)

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This Symposium had two purposes: to present the work that Hans Kleinpoppen has done or initiated during his remarkable scientific career, and to bring people from various fields together who perform complete scattering experiments. Hans Kleinpoppen's work included electron and photon impact experiments which were accompanied by studies of entangled states - a field of current high interest. Hence this volume of proceedings arising from the conference represents a tribute to Hans Kleinpoppen as well as an individual reference work.

Complete Scattering Experiments (Physics of Atoms and Molecules) Review

This book is one of the best I have read on electorns. It had captured my attention and kept it until I was at the end. There at the end I wept openly because I was so sad to see it had ended. So for all of you reading my review, just remember that if you buy this book you will never regret it. Forever this book will keep my curosity about electrons and the way they move.

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A Comprehensive, Annotated Bibliography on Mahatma Gandhi: Volume 1 Biographies, Works by Gandhi, and Bibliographical Sources (Bibliographies and Indexes in World History)

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The first of three volumes, this comprehensive bibliography of more than 2,200 entries includes all English-language biographies of Gandhi, writings by Gandhi, and bibliographic sources. A unique aspect of the work is a section on books read by Gandhi, a useful list for those seeking insight on Gandhi. Pandiri has carefully examined the titles included and, unlike many earlier bibliographers, he has annotated all of Gandhi's voluminous writings. He also provides in-depth descriptive and evaluative annotations for the other works, noting content, scope, authority, use, and historical significance.

A vital reference tool for scholars and researchers, this volume is the first comprehensive Gandhian bibliography since 1974. In addition to in-depth annotations, the entries include full bibliographic information. Many of the entries also include review notes of the work. Full indexes make the material easily accessible. Forthcoming volumes will include books on Gandhian topics and articles about Gandhi and Gandhian topics.

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A Comprehensive, Annotated Bibliography on Mahatma Gandhi: Volume 1 Biographies, Works by Gandhi, and Bibliographical Sources (Bibliographies and Indexes in World History) Review

This book is extraordinary, the like of which I have not read in the extensive Gandhian literature. Mr. Pandiri, the author of this great book has exhausted the literature to put together this volume. It must have taken many years to complete this work. I have read almost the entire Gandhian literature, and nowhere can I recall anyone who had done such a commendable job. Not only is this book essential for the libraries but I also strongly recommend this book to any student of Gandhi dedicated to researching and unearthing the truths about this elusive figure better known as Mahatma gandhi.

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Computers in Translation: A Practical Appraisal

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Translators, system designers, system operators and researchers present a comprehensive guide to machine translation: its history, its successes, its limitations and its potential.

Computers in Translation: A Practical Appraisal Review

Machine Translation (MT) was one of the great efforts of computing, ever since the 1950s. The basic idea is that if you have a text string in some human language, and you run an MT program, it will output a correctly translated string in another human language. Notice that this has nothing to do with speech recognition. That is another complicated problem in itself. Well, MT is one of these problems that has proved elusive in solving. Clearly, it should be solvable. Simply by you reading the input, you could translate it into another language that you knew. So we know that a solution does indeed exist.Newton wrote this book in 1992, and it describes MT's capabilities as they existed then. The basic problem of MT seems to be isomorphic to a general AI problem. We (wetware) can translate, because over the years we have built up a world view that lets us do so. Computers have no such thing, thus far. The book describes how practical MT consisted of cleverly restricting the context of the subject matter, so that reasonably accurate translations could be made. Like weather reports, or airline reservations.The book is still useful today. The increase in computing power since 1992 means that its techniques could be applied on far cheaper hardware. Or, that they could be applied with more power, in a brute force manner. But there seems to have been very little advance in the way of fundamental understanding in MT. So the book's methods are still pretty much state of the art. Help other customers find the most helpful reviews� Was this review helpful to you?�Yes No Report abuse | PermalinkComment Comment

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